Liquid-fuel burner



Sept. 9, 1924. 1,507,835

P. W. JONES LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed June 15. 1923 2 Sheets$heet 1 Paul Z1]. James.

Sept. 9, 1924. 1,507,835

P. W. JONES LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed June 15. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Paul Jmzes V WW Patented Sept. 9; 1924.

UNITED STATES- 1,507,835 PATENT OFF-ICE,

\ PAUL WILMER JONES, OF MOBILE, ALABAMA, ASSIGNOR OF ON E-IHIRD TO GLENN I1. NORMAN AND ONE-THIRD TO' EUGENE WALTERS.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

Application filed June 15, 1923. Serial No. 645,660.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, PAUL WV. J oNEs, a citi zen of the'United States, residing at Mobile, in the county of Mobile and State of Alabama, have invented certainnew anduseful Improvements in Liquid-Fuel. Burners, of

Which the following is a specification, referen'ce being had therein'to the accompanying drawings.

10 "This invention relates to liquid fuelburners and it has ion its object to provide an improved device of this character constructed in'such manner that complete combustion of theiuel'will b e'attained and all of the heat units will'be conservedandutilized with a consequent efliciency resulting in a marked improvement in this art.

' Furtherobjects and advantages of the inventionwill beset forth inthe detailed description which follows;

In the accompanying drawings: Fig; 1 is a side elevation of-a burner and heat-retainer adapted to be placedin-the' fire-honor a coal stove;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view therethrough; t

Fig; 3 is a transverse vertical sectional View therethroughoii'line 33 of Fig. 2; t

Fi 'flis a sectional view through a fuel supply} and vaporizing pipe at the entrance end o fsaid'pipe. V V

Fi 5 is a side elevation illustrating a modilied form of the invention;

Fig *6-"is a longitudinal sectional view 4 aware of the fact that many oil burners'have been devised for use in the fire-boxes of coal stoves; However, in such devices of that character as havecome into general use the jet of flame merely strikes a flame spreader of 'metal'which is usually of comparatively small size, after which there is nothing to prevent the escape of the products of co1nbustion through'the flue to the chimney.

Thus a large percentage ofthe products of combustion are wasted and lost and very through the form ofthe invention illustrated little efliciency is had. It is a primary object of the present invention to direct the jets'of flame and the products of co-mbustioninto flues formed directly in relatively large bodies olrei'ractory and heat'resistant mate- 6o rial,- Such as the clay; for example; and which bodies are of honeycomb structure and the cells of which intersect the channels constituting the lines through said refractory bodies. v I

' By virtue of this arrangement the whole mess ultimately 1 becomes incandescent and presents a White hot mass so'that ille vapors discharged thereinto' from the nozZ-les'orjts of the burners are completely 'consullld 7 the heatiis conserved and fmultipli'ed ever what would be the case withburners off ordinary construct ion. i 'f 5 5 In the drawing 5 designates a mass Of r- 1 tractor-y material highlyfre sistailt 1 6" heat and which forpurp'oses'. of :Ohvenience -and illustration has here" been illustrated as of cellular: checker workconstructionl Ho'wever, it is to be understood that'the. particular direction andfarrangeme'nt of thecells is immaterial so -long as the block 5 is or cellular construction. Formedw'ithin' the block 5 are the sinuous channels Whibli'ifiters 'ect the passages? formed by thecellular construction ofthe block; Thus air may enter the block from all direGtionsandii-iiir with the products of combustion in tlie sinuous passages ti with the result that pee; fect combustion of the gases is brought about and thewhole-Inass soontecomeswhite hot;

vThe fuel, which may, be'any 'sui'table fuel" oil but is preferably kerosene 'is supplied from a pipe 8 througha 'controllinglneedle valve 9, to 'avaporizingpipe I0 whicheverlies. the block 5. The blockh is provided with a cavity 11, said cavity being lined with a pluralitylof asbestos sheets 11 andthis cavity serves to receive, initially, a small amount of oil which when, lighted heats the vaporizing pipe 10 and-a core 12 which is located'in said pipe. Ihe' core is grooved or channeled for a short distance at'it's'ntrance end as indicated at 123' see 4-, and the core is smaller than pipe 10 so that the oil is spread out in a relatively thin fihnand i this coupled with the fact that the core 12 itself presents a heat retainingm-ass";results in rapidly vaporizing theoiland supplying an initial vapor to the j ets-13 and 14; which I dischargeinto thelower end of the sinuous passages 6. These jets or nozzles are carried by a horizontal length of pipe 15 which is connected with the pipe 10 by a vertical leg 16. This vertical leg may lie outside of the block proper or it may be embedded therein.

It is to be understood that the passages 6 may be of any desired formation. I have shown them as having relatively sharp bends but it is within the purview of the invention to make these bends more or less in number and of any desired inclination. The bottom of the block 5 is preferably closed and solid, as indicated at 5".

In the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 5 to 7 the block 5 is of the same general formation as that previously described but in this case the structure is particularly intended for use in steam boilers, such as stationary boilers, locomotive boilers, steam ship boilers and the like and in this construction the sinuous passages 6 63* extend in a general direction longitudinally of the block instead of vertically as in the previous case. In this case the vaporizing pipe 10 is given a return bend over the block and its vertical leg 10 is provided With the nozzles-20, 20 which discharge into the sinuous passages 6 6, respectively. Otherwise the construction is the same as that previously described. However, since, in the case of steam ship and locomotive boilers the structure is subjected to considerable vibration, I prefer to embed in the block 5 some suitable strengthening and binding material, such as asbestos or the like, indicated at 21 and which aids in preventing cracking and disintegration of the block 5.

By virtue of the construction illustrated in Fig. 4 the vaporizer, when it once becomes hot holds a maximum degree of heat under a low flame, thus getting a complete vaporization of the oil used and avoiding waste of oil in the burning of a partly vaporized gas. But combustion does not take place in the sinuous passages alone but takes place in all of the comparatively small cells into which any of the gas finds its way and just enough air is drawn into the sides of the structure to supply any deficiency which may exist. By reason of the combustion taking place, as stated, over a large part of the body constituted by the block 5, the heating of said body to an incandescent mass is rapidly brought about and the firebox'or combustion chamber of the stove or boiler is correspondingly heated and this without any waste of the oil.

It is to be understood that the invention contemplates making all or any part of the sides of the block 5 open. I have shown the bottom closed and it is manifest that any one of thewsides may be correspond ingly closed.

While I have shown only two jets in Fig.

5, it is manifest that these may be multiplied to any desired extent. without departure from the invention. In this form of the invention I prefer to leave out or omit the core 12 because when using the invention in steam boilers, crude oil is generally used as the fuel and this is too thick to pass through the structure illustrated in Fig. 4:.

I further contemplate installing in cellular fire clay or like refractory blocks of this character electric heating elements adapted to bring said blocks to an incandescent state and it is to be understood that the invention includes this idea.

Vvhen the combustion chamber and the heat retainer and the multiplier constituted by the block 5 once becomes thoroughly hot, the intake of air drawn in through the various holes throughout the hot burner results in immediately heating the air to such a degree of heat that it mixes perfectly with the flame, vapor and carbon that has formerly been going to waste. the hot air with the inclosed flame forms a perfect gas and is 100% combustible. Itis.

heating the oil to form a combustible gas.

will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art.

The burner of this invention is so efficient in operation that it effects practically 100% combustion of oil consumed. Consequently the formation and accumulation of carbon, soot, smoke, etc. is prevented and the interior walls of the firebox and the fines are left clear of unburnt substances which would otherwise cut down the conductivity of these parts with consequent reduction in efiiciency. All of the heat created by the burner is permitted to come into direct contact with the parts intended .to be heated and increased efficiency in the generation of steam is the result. This eifects a great saving in the combustion of fuel. Furthermore it eliminates the cost of blowing Mixing. of

out and cleaning the flues which is ordinarily quite an item of expense.

Referring now to Figs. 5 and 6, 30 designates a controlling needle valve by which the flow of'fuel into the overhead generating pipe is controlled. Furthermore, each of the jets 20, 20 is provided with an individual controlling valve 20?, 20, respectively, so that any desired intensity of flame may be maintained locally at the said jets. This provides a double control of the oil and flame in that the valve 30 provides one controlling means and the valves 20, 20 provide a second controlling. means.

It is not to be understood that the asbestos rope 21 extends around the outside of the blocks, only. It not only extends around the outside of the block but is inserted in the material of the block in such manner that each cell is reenforced. This is indicated by the dotted sinuous lines 31' in Fig. 6 and the transversely extending strands 32 in Fig. 7

Having described my invention what claim is:

1. A burner of the character described comprising an integral cellular mass of refractory material adapted to be seated as a unit in a fire box, said mass having a closed bottom and having some of its cellular structure omitted to form sinuous passages which are in addition to the openings of the cells, a fuel supply pipe, a vaporizer for the fuel supply pipe which extends across said cellular mass and nozzles carried by said fuel supply pipe and discharging directly into the entrance ends of the sinuous passages.

2. A burner of the character described comprising an integral cellular mass of refractory material adapted to be seated as a unit in a fire box, said mass having a closed bottom and having some of its cellular structure omitted to form sinuous passages which are in addition to the openings of the cells, a fuel supply pipe, a vaporizer for'the fuel supply pipe which extendsacross said cellular mass and nozzles carried by said fuel supply pipe and discharging directly into the entrance ends of the sinuous passages,

said cellular mass having a concave recess formed in its 11 per portion over which the vaporizer exten s.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature.

PAUL WILMER JONES. 

